Health Corner
Hemorrhoid Treatment Varies by Stage – Understanding the Symptoms
What is hemorrhoids?
Many people find hemorrhoids distressing and embarrassing. Hemorrhoids refer to small blood vessels and connective tissues around the anus that can become enlarged or inflamed. They are generally classified into internal hemorrhoids and external hemorrhoids. Symptoms usually appear when they become swollen or irritated.
Why do hemorrhoids occur?
Common causes of hemorrhoids include:
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Chronic constipation and straining during bowel movements, usually due to a diet low in fiber from fruits and vegetables.
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Sitting for long periods.
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Aging.
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Unhealthy lifestyle habits.
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Pregnancy.
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High stress levels.
These factors may impair blood circulation near the anus or weaken surrounding tissues, leading to swelling and protrusion of blood vessels. Certain inflammatory bowel diseases are also associated with hemorrhoids.
What are the differences between internal and external hemorrhoids?
Internal hemorrhoids:
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Blood in stool
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Itching around the anus
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Pain if the hemorrhoid becomes strangulated
External hemorrhoids:
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Bleeding from the anus
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Pain around the anus
Should I see a doctor or use over-the-counter creams?
There are many treatment options for hemorrhoids. In the early stages, treatment focuses on relieving pain and bleeding to improve quality of life. For mild cases, conservative approaches—such as dietary and lifestyle changes—are often effective.
If the symptoms are severe, doctors may prescribe medication or recommend surgical treatment.
| Stage | Symptoms | Stage |
| Stage I | Internal hemorrhoids within the anal canal that may cause bleeding | Adjust diet and lifestyle. Eat more fiber-rich foods and stay well hydrated to improve symptoms. |
| Stage II | Hemorrhoids enlarge and may protrude during bowel movements but retract on their own afterward | Use anti-inflammatory or anti-itch medications to relieve pain, itching, and bleeding. |
| Stage III | Hemorrhoids prolapse outside the anus and must be manually pushed back | Surgical procedures or specialized devices (such as a hemorrhoid stapler) may be used to remove or reposition loose anal tissue. |
| Stage IV | Hemorrhoids remain permanently outside the anus and cannot be pushed back | Conventional surgery is required to remove all affected tissue for long-term recovery. |
If you experience constipation or hemorrhoid symptoms, adjust your diet to include more fruits, vegetables, and fluids. Avoid straining during bowel movements and sitting for prolonged periods. Taking warm baths can relieve anal pain, while applying ice packs can help reduce swelling and discomfort in more severe cases.
Keep in mind that blood in stool can sometimes be caused by other conditions besides hemorrhoids. If you notice bleeding or suspect hemorrhoids, seek professional medical advice promptly.
